Vernier and micrometer calipers.



No. 718,266. PATENTED JAI I. 13, 1903.

F. G. MARBAGH.

v VERNIER AND MICROMETER GALIPERS.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 18, 1901.

H0 MODEL.

' justing it subsequently if found necessary.

.of Ohio, have invented certain new and use- -trated in the drawings and hereinafter set UNITED; STATES PATENT OFFICE,

FRANICG. MARBAOH, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

v VERNIER AND MICROMETER CALIPERS.

5PEGIFIOATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 718,266, dated January 13, 1903.

Application filed April 18, 1901.

To all whom it may concern.-

;l 3e it known that I, FRANK G. MARBACH, a c1t1zen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State ful Improvements in Vernier and Micrometer Calipers; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to a combined vernier-caliper and micrometer-gage; and it consists in the peculiar construction of the same, whereby the device is capable of a large latitude of uses both as a gage and caliper and whereby it embodies all the accurateness of the most sensitive measuring instruments. Heretofore and before my invention the Vernier-caliper and micrometer-gage were two distinct instruments of measurements, and while the micrometer-gage was practically perfect in its measurements and determinations the Vernier-caliper was not as positively accurate nor could it be as easily read as the micrometer-gage, for the reason that in almost all of the constructions of Verniercalipers the sliding jaw after being approximately set to the intended measurement was adjusted by means of a screw mounted in a sliding block, which was secured to the barof the caliper and the Vernier had to be read by comparison with the markings on the bar. By my invention I have obviated these objectionable features by the construction illusforth and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure I is a top plan view of a tool embodying my invention, and Fig. II is a View in side elevation of the same. In Figs. I and II it will'be seen that the bar and both jaws are shown broken for the purpose of indicating that the length of the jaw and the length of the bar may be increased or decreased as desired or found necessary. Fig. III is a longitudinal Vertical section taken through the barrel or handle, showing the connection of the same with the bar and with the sliding jaw through the measuring-screw and also illustrating the adjusting device for setting the instrument initially and for adtool.

Serial No. 56,453. iNo model.)

Fig. IV is a vertical section taken through line 4 4, Figs. I and II, indicating my preferred construction of sliding jaw and its relation to the-bar.

I will now proceed to set forth the manner in which I prefer to construct my tool and which I have found to be practical and suitable to the variety of uses required of the same both as a micrometer-gage and Verniercaliper for both inside and outside measurements.

A represents the bar of the tool, which is formed of any suitable cross-section, but

preferably as illustrated in Figs. I and II. This bar A is provided with a line of suitable divisions, the same being preferably fractions of an inch, either in quarters, eighths, sixteenths, thirty-seconds, and the like, or they may be according to the metric measurement, as desired. This line of division may extend the full length of the bar or only a portion thereof, according to the length of the said bar and its subdivisions. I prefer to provide two lines of measurement,one--the upper one afor inside measurement, and the other-the lower one a-for outside measurements. The positions, however, may be reversed, if desired. It will, however, be noticed that the subdivisions at for inside measurements start ahead of the subdivisions at for outside measurements a distance equal to the sum of the thickness of the caliper-points when closed.

B represents an adjustable jaw, which when set to the bar A at any predetermined distance along said bar forms the stationary jaw of the This jaw B has any suitable inside and outside caliper-points b for inside measurements and b for outside measurements, which are hardened and suitably faced, the outside point I) for inside measurements being curved, so as to freely enter the smallest possible orifice within the scope of the instrument, the one illustrated having a scope of one-half inch up, internal measurement, and the side face for measuring outside measurements is provided with a fiat surface, as usual in this class of tool.

In the tool illustrated I have provided for the adjustment of the jaw 13 along the bar A by subdividing said bar into inch spaces and providing notches A in the bar. The notches A are formed so as to receive a hardened block of steel 13, which is secured in the lower end of the jaw B and made adjustable by means of a screw B which impinges against said block and forces it within the notches A, thus securing the jaw 13 securely in position at exactly predetermined subdivisions along the bar A and preventing any mistakes as regards the accuracy of the position. While I prefer to use the method of adjusting the jaw B as just above set forth, still I do not wish to be limited to said adjusting mechanism or to the method of adjusting the said jaw, as any other method of predetermined adjustment may be practically employed.

C represents the sliding jaw, which is so mounted on the bar A as to slide along the same and in relation to the line of division on said bar for the purpose of determining the measurements. This jaw O is also provided, like the jaw B, with inside and outside measuring-points c and a, respectively, and preferably of the same contour. The sliding jaw O is providedat its rear side with an arm or extension 0, which is attached to or forms part of a measuring-screw D. The measuring-screw D is in turn engaged by a bushingnut D, which is adjustably secured within the barrel or handle G. It will be noticed that the measuring-screw D enters the barrel through a boss A provided on the end of the bar A, and that it also is located centrally as regards the said barrel G, and hence the said measuring-screw is attached to one side of the sliding jaw, and the barrel is necessarily offset to one side of the bar A, as illustrated in Fig. I. In order to obtain as near as possible a central stress upon the jaw O in moving the same by means of the measuring screw D and the nut l), I have formed that part of the bar A and the boss A within which the measuring-screw operates with a depressed pocket d, (shown more clearly in Fig. IV of the drawings,) thus bringing the stress more central and making the instruments more perfect and accurate. This, however, is not absolutely essential, although I prefer to employ this construction.

The manner of constructing and attaching the barrel or handle G to the instrument is preferably as follows: The barrel G is formed hollow, as usual, and may be provided at its rear end with a small mill projection, and, if desired, what is known as a ratchet-stop vprojection, (not shown,) which is old and well known to the art and needs no further description and forms no part of this invention.

In order to secure the barrel to the bar A, I provide a reduced portion K at the end of the boss A This reduced portion is externally screw-threaded, so as to receive and engage a collar Kof greater diameter than the boss A The collar K is fit snugly to the boss A and is received in a counter-bore l,

provided in a cap-piece L, which in turn is internally screw-threaded and snugly fits into an external screw-thread 9 formed on the end of the barrel G. A bushing-nut D is in turn secured by means of external screwthreads within the barrel G, and also has internal screw-threads, whereby it may be adjusted in relation to said barrel and also in relation to the measuring-screwD. The bushing D is held in adjustment or locked by means of a small locking-screw d, which has screw-thread adjustment with the forward end of the barrel G atits reduced portion. I prefer to interpose between the screw d and the external thread of the bushing D asmall spindle, of brass d or like metal, to prevent injuring the threads upon said bushing when the screw (1 is driven home or tightened, thus causing the spindle to impinge upon the thread of the bushing D and retain said bushing in proper adjustment.

In securing the barrel to the end of the bar A the cap-piece L is first slipped over the boss A after which the collar K is secured to the boss A by being screw-threaded upon the screw-threaded portion K of said boss. The bushing D is then adjusted in relation to the measuring-screw D, so that the sliding jaw (J isproperly setin relation to the venier L around the cap-piece L.

In order to provide for wear between the boss A and the barrel G at the point where they are connected and move in relation to each other, the cap-piece L may be taken up tighter in relation to said barrel, thus taking up the loose motion between the parts. After all the parts have thus been tightly set up the tool is ready for use.

I have shown in Fig. II by broken lines that the length of the bar may be varied so as to include calipers or gages of different scopes, and I have also illustrated by breaking lines that the height of the gage or caliper points may be varied to determine different depths of internal measurement or external measurement.

Another feature of my invention is that within certain limits, owing to the construction of the bar A, its length, width, and thickness, the tool may be employed for the purpose of determining depths, thus making it also to that extent a micrometer depth-gage by removing the jaw B and using the sliding jaw C as the moving and measuring gage.

In Figs. I and II, I have illustrated a small lock-screw G which is screw-threaded into the jaw O and constructed so as to impinge against the bar A, whereby the said jaw C may be locked in position after measurements have been made or determined, thus preventing the accidental misplacement of the said jaw.

The jaw 13 (illustrated in the drawings and described in the specification as an adjustable jaw) may in a certain class of instruments be formed solid or integral with the bar A.

IIO

By the above description and reference to the drawings it will be seen that by a construction made according to my invention the tool may be used for a variety ofcalipering gaging and measuring and may be depended upon for accuracy. While ithas other features of the micrometer-gage, it also has every feature of the vernier-caliper, and may also be used within certain restrictions for depth measurement by removing one of the jaws.

The vernier arrangement is read in the same manner as in the micrometer by the movement of the barrel G after the jaws have been approximately set to the required position and the tool is capable of adjustment to one-thousandth part ofan inch or even less.

While I have set forth in the specification and shown in the drawings a-construction as I prefer to make it and consider it as best adapted to my purpose, still I do not wish to be limited to these details of construction nor to the exact assembling as shown and set forth.

What I claim is- 1. In a combined vernier caliper and micrometer-gage,a bar provided with two sets or lines of divisions, one for the inside calipering or measuring and the other for outside calipering or measuring, two jaws provided with inside and outside measuring-points, one of said jaws adjustable along the bar, and means for holding the same in its adjusted position, the other of said jaws movable along the bar for the purpose of measurement, and means connected to said bar at one end and to the movable jaw for actuating the latter, said means including a measuring-screw,an adj ustable bushing-nut mounted on the measuringscrew, a boss through which the screw extends, and a barrel secured to the boss and receiving said screw and in which the bushing-nut is mounted.

2. A combined vernier-caliper and micrometer gage comprising a bar provided with two sets or lines of divisions, one for inside calipering or measuring and the other for outside calipering or measuring, one of said jaws being slidable in relation to the bar for the purpose of determining the measurement, and means connected to saidjaw for actuating the same, said means including a measuring-screw, a boss through which said screw extends an adjustable bushing-nut mounted on the screw, a barrel connected to the bushing-nut and boss and into which the screw extends, and a cap-piece engaging the boss and barrel, substantially as described.

3. In a combined vernier-caliper and micrometer-gage of the type set forth, the combination with the bar provided with two sets or lines of divisions one for inside calipering or measuring and the other for outside calipering or measuring, and a micrometer adjustin g and measuring device stationary with said bar, said micrometer adjusting and measuring device comprising a barrel, an adjustable bushing-nut threaded in the barrel, a cap-piece engaging the end of the barrel and having a vernier, of two jaws mounted on the bar and provided. with inside and outside measuring-points, and a measuring-screw connected to one of the jaws and extending through the bushing-nut into the barrel for actuating said jaw.

4. In a combined vernier-caliper and micrometer-gage, the combination with a bar, provided with two sets or lines of divisions, one for inside calipering or measuring, the other for outside calipering or measuring, of two jaws provided with measuring points or surfaces, for both outside and inside measurements, one'of said jaws being stationary in relation to said bar, the other of saidjaws being movable in relation to said bar, for the purpose of measurement, and means permanently connected to said bar and at one end of the same for adjusting the movable jaw, said means comprising a measuring screw, a boss through which the screw extends, a barrel to receive the screw, an adjusting-nut within the barrel, a cap-piece connected to the boss and barrel, and a scale for determining the distance said screw is advanced or retracted, substantially as described.

5. A micrometer-adjusting device of the type set forth for use in connection witha combined vernier-caliper and micrometer-gage, said adjusting device comprising a barrel, an adjustable bushing=nut adj ustably secured Within said barrel, a screw for engaging said adjustable nut, and means for securing said barrel to the instrument, for the purpose set forth.

Signed by me at Cleveland, county of Guyahoga, and State of Ohio, this 1st day of March, 1901.

FRANK G. MARBAGH.

Witnesses: W. E. DONNELLY,

E. B. DONNELLY. 

